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题名: 考慮需求及成本下生產線平衡問題最適週期時間之決定
Considering Demand and Cost to Determine the Appropriate Cycle Time for Assembly Line Balancing Problem
作者: 林俊偉
贡献者: 精實生產管理研究所
关键词: 生產線平衡
成本分析
週期時間
系統模擬
日期: 2011-07
上传时间: 2013-11-19T06:53:11Z
摘要: 生產線平衡目的是要使生產的效率最大化；並且配置最少的操作員、操作站，使各工作的負荷平衡。一般而言生產線平衡率越高則效率將會越高，但如果加上考慮生產線運作的成本後，生產線平衡率越高，利潤卻不一定越大，因為生產線不平衡所產生的機會成本與總成本之間無絕對的相對關係。在現實狀況下，利潤是企業最重視的要件，因此必需考慮生產成本，將生產線平衡加入成本考量後，才能使企業產生最大的獲利。為了獲得最低成本化生產週期設置的時間，以及了解產出量、使用率、總成本對工作站安排前設定的最大秒數所產生的影響。本研究使用Java程式語言，運用位階權數法，對T公司之生產數據進行生產線平衡，並將成本進行考量，獲得所有生產線平衡下之總成本，且為了貼近實際生產狀況，故本研究再使用eM-Plant進行模擬生產線，以獲得接近實際生產狀況時的產出量、使用率、總成本之分佈狀況，以求得最低成本的週期時間及各參數對最小成本的相對關係。
最後本研究發現，公司在收到訂單時，如能符合交期，應盡量以最小的預定產出量作為選擇，此時的生產成本將會是最少的。並盡量安排生產線平衡之週期時間在站數改變處，以降低生產總成本。且在工作站安排時，需盡量安排適中的週期時間，不可過長或過短，否則即使產出量或使用率有所提升，但總成本也將隨之上升。
The purpose of is balancing assembly lines is to maximize the proficiency of productions and assign the least possible operators and operation stands to balance the burden of every working part. In general, the more assembly lines are balanced, the higher their production efficiency is. However, if we take the cost of operating assembly lines into consideration, we find out that higher balance rates of the assembly line do not entail higher revenues. This is because there is no absolute correlation between the opportunity cost of imbalanced assembly lines and the overall cost. In real life, revenues are the most important issues for enterprises. Therefore, companies have to take the cost of balancing assembly lines into consideration in order to get the highest revenue possible. To determine the minimum cost for balancing assembly lines and understand the impact of output, usage rates and the overall cost on the maximum seconds provided before setting up operation stands, the research uses JAVA language and the rank positional weight method to balance the assembly line of the T company to figure out the overall cost under all the balanced assembly lines by considering its cost. To simulate actual productions, the research utilizes eM-Plant to imitate assembly lines in real situations to get its output, usage rate and overall cost in real life circumstance.
The research concludes that when a company gets deals, it should choose the least proposed output to get the minimum production cost if it could present the products on time. It could get the minimum production cost by this means. Also, when it comes to arranging operation stands, it should assign an appropriate cycle time, neither too long nor too short. Otherwise, even if outputs or usage rates increase, the overall cost would increase, too.
描述: 指導教授:劉朝陽
显示于类别:[工業工程與管理系(含精實生產管理碩士班)] 學位論文

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